Hydrocarbon-motor



C. R. SHORT. HYDROCARBON MOTOR- APPLICATION FILED MAR 24, :91).

1,8 963 9 0. Patented Nov. 15, 1921.,

Ff 7 INVENTOR;

ATTORNEY.

c. R. SHORT. HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. Z4, 1917- 139mm Patented Nam 15, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED srArs' s r rsm oFF-ics.

CHARLES a. snow, or DETROIT, mamas, Assmnoa 'ro GENERAL morons comramr, or Darren, women, A CORPORATION on NEW JERSEY,

nvimocaanon-iroron.

Specification of Letters latent.

Application filed March 24, 1917. Serial No. 157,108.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that L-CnliiinnsR. SHORT, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, and resident of Detroit, Wayne county, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Motors, of which the foilowing is the specification. 1

This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors, and particularly to the general arrangement and construction of its various its jacket, its head, valves and actuating mechanism.

One of the objects of this invention'is to rovide a motor of the multi-cylinder type, aving a plurality of integral cylinder-liners or' barrels, detachably arranged within a cylinder jacket.

; Another object of this invention is to provide a motor having a built-up cylinder and jacket construction, which is comparatively inexpensive and simple to manufacture.

Another object is to provide a motor having the outer wall of the cylinder jacket formed integral with the crank case of a comparativel light material such asaluminum, with the cylinder bore formed of a heavier material such as iron, and detachably arranged within the jacket. The cylinder head is preferably detachably mounted in position with an overhead valve mechanism which is adequately inclosed a memher which is also formed of relatively lightv material such as aluminum. I

Another-object of the invention is to provide a motor of the class mentioned above wherein the cylinders are less subject to disalinement on account of expansion than heretofore. This is accomplished in the embodiment of the invention shown, partly by forming a plurality of the cylinders in a single liner or block of a metal which has a low coefficient of expansion relative to that of the metal of the casing. The group of cylindersthus constructed cannot be carried along with the casing as the latter expends but remains as'a unit and any possible movement oi the group of cylinders will be approximately in accord with the expansion of the crank shaft. In other words tht movement of the casing as the engine heats up, which tends to spread the cylinders apart somewhat in j'the manner in which a faiiopens, is. off-set by constructing a plurality of the cylinders in a single unit liner. liFor the same general purpose, the liner is itself constructed and arranged to form a acket passage for cooling liquid which extends about the firing end of the cor-re spond ng cylinder or cylinders thus reducing the expansion materially below that which Patented N0v,15, 1921. v

would take place were the casing itself extended to the firing end of the cylinders to form a jacket Wall. By terminating the outer wall of the liner not far from'the firing end, the necessity for the expensive coring processes incident to the usual constructions wherein the casing and cylinders are inte ral is avoided,

he visible result of these features of in.- ve ition is a material reduction of knocking, which in ordinary constructions is due,

partly at least, to the disalinement ofthe connecting .rods with their pins asthe cylin ders s read in fan-like fashion, as heretofore descri ed.

The various objects, and the construction and arrangement of the various parts will clearly appear fromthe following specification, taken in connection with the drawings in which:

Figure 1 1s a vertical transverse section of vertical type motor embodying a form of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, with portions lligoken away, of the motor illustrated in Fig. 3 1s a transverse horizontal section,

substantially along the line 8-3 of Fig. l,

showing one block of three cylinder bores removed.

Fig. 4: is a side elevation with portions broken away of an assembly of themotor crank case, the cylinder blocks, the jackets and a valve rod cover.

Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of the assembly illustrated in Fi g. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section, with some parts removed of a V type motor embodying my invention.

Referring to tliedrawings, 10 and 11, re-

spectively, illustrate the upper and lower sections of a crank case or motor base formed of a relatively light material, such as alumi num or an, aluminum alloy, in which may be mounted", in the usual bearings, a crank shaft 12 and a cam shaft 12.

A chamber which is adapted to form the outer wall of the jacket of the cylindermay be made of the same material as the crank case and formed integral therewith, as an upwardly extending portion 13. The

trated in Fig. 6, the

'20 22 mounted Within each he inner wall of the cooling acket ischamber 13 is provided with an inwardly extending flange, or portion 14 having a plurality of bosses 15. In the six cylinder motor, illustrated, two blocks or sets of three F cylinder liners or barrels 16, are adapted to be arranged within the chamber 13. It will be noted that the upper end of the liners* 16 are formed with a shoulder 17 13, and they are also formed intermediate their ends with a flange 18 which is adapted to reston the internal flange 14 of the chamber with a suitable gasket 19, therebetween. In the form illusliner blocks 16 have the flange 18 formed adjacent their lower ends, and the liners may then be secured in position by means of a plurality of bolts 20, with the usual piston 21. and connecting rod of the cylinders.

formed by the cylinder barrel 16 and its outer wall by the chamber. 13. These barrels are preferably formed of a heavier material, such as iron, or steel. The usual spark plugs 24 may be threaded laterally in the upper portion of the cylinder barrels.

By theconstruction described, it is evident that' that portion of the wall 13 which lies between the flange 14 and the shoulder 17 may be made of a minimum thickness, since the stress is for the most part transmitted directly from the cylinders to the casing 10 through the rigid connection afforded by the flange or shoulder 14, the flange 18 V and the bolts 20. A head 23, formed either of a heavy or light metal a's desired, and provided with the usual intake and exhaust ports 25 and 40 cooling jacket 26, is adapted to be arranged across the topof the cylinders 16 and to be detachably secured in position such as by bolts27." A' valve mechanism comprising puppetvalvemember 28, spring 29, retaining plate 30 and collar 31, may be provided for each of the ports 25. It will, of course, be understood that suitable connections are provided between the head jacket 26 and the cylinder chamber 13.

Eaehvalve mechanism is provided with a rocker arm 32, mounted-on a shaft 33 which is supported by an arm 34, detachably secured, as by a bolt 27 to the head 23. One end 35 of each of the rocker arms have a curved face adapted to contact with the upper end of a valve member 28 and the op posite ends 36 of the rocker armsare proing bolts 42 to the crank case 10. The tappets 39 are, of course, adapted to be operated by cams 43, formed on the cam shaft 12'.

The plate 41, and another dome shaped plate 4.4-, which is suitably secured across the'top of the head 23, and preferably formed of a light material, such as aluminun], are adapted to completely house the valves and their actuating mechanism.

It will be noted from the above description that I have provided a built up motor construction, the various parts of which may be very easily and comparatively inexpensively manufactured, assembled and disassembled.

lVhile l have described and will specifically claim what I deem to be preferred forms of my invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art, that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

laving thus descri Jed my invention. what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.. An internal combustion engine including a jacket forn'ling casing and an integral multi cylinder forming unit supported by the casing and connected thereto to form tight joints therewith near the opposite ends of. the cylinders of said un' I, sald cylinders all having firing chambers at the same end,

and adjacentcylinders of said unit being connected to each other at a point considerably removed from the end at which the firing chambers are located by connections independent of said casing.

2. An internal combustion engine includa casing, a onepiece liner block detachably supported thereby and mounted in the casing and forming a plurality of cylinder arranged in a. roiv, the cylinders having tiring ends, the casing being unobstruw ted throughout the length of the row and forming one peripheral joint with the liner block near the firing ends of said cylinders and also iornnng another peripheral oint therewith, spaced from the first mentioned oint toward the oppositcends of said cylinders, the liner block and casing together forming a chamber for cooling fluid forthe engine. 3. A internal combustion engine includm a casing, a cylinder-forming liner supported thereby and secured therein, said liner having a firing end and including at said end a wall spaced from tion thereof outside the latter and ing along said main portion some distance toward the opposite end and f'onning with the casing a tight joint, said liner and ms ing together forming a jacket for cooling medium, said wall and easing being free at the joint for relative expansion and contraction transversely of the axis ,of thr cylinder/ a jacket forming casing and a niulti-cyl- 4. An internal combustion engine includer forming unit having flanges integral therewith toward the endsthereof meeting said casing and supporting said unit to complete a channel for temperature regulating fluid, a head for said unit, and'means, independent of the head, for retaining said unit in position on the casing,

5. In an internal combustion engine, a casing wall, a liner block supported thereby and forming a plurality of parallel cylinclersv having correspondingly disposed firing ends, said block including an outwardly extending peripheral flange near: the .fir'ing ends adapted to rest on the casing Wall and also including a second outwardly extending peripheral flange spaced considerably from the firing ends, adjacent cylindersbeing rigidly connected to each other near the firing ends and also near the second flange.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a casing wall, an integral liner block supported thereby and forming a plurality of parallel cfylinders having correspondingly disposed ring ends, said wall and block together forming a jacket forv coolin fluid for the cylinders, the block inclu ing a continuous flan e spaced considerably from said firing ends and passing entirel around the block and also spaced considera ly from the opposite end of the cylinders, and said wall including a continuous flange on which the first named flange rests. i y

7. In an internal combustion engine, a casing Wall, an integral liner block supported thereby and forming a plurality'ot parallel cylinders having correspondingly disposed firing ends, said wall and said block together forming a jacket for cooling fluid for the cylinders, the block including a continuous flange spaced considerably from the firing ends and passing entirely around the block, the casing also having a flange adapted to cooperate with said first named flange, and bolts passing through saidflanges for holding the casing and block together.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a casing, a one-pieceliner supported thereby, said liner forming a plurality of cylinders and meeting the casing in a continuous sealed joint which passes around the cylinders and is spaced therefrom and lies in a single plane perpendicular to the axis of said cylinders, said joint being located nca'r the firing end of the cylinders, the liner also meeting the casing and being rigidly secured thereto alon a second and internal continuous sealed oint which passes around the cylinders near the opposite end, the liner and casing together forming a jacketfor cooling liquid.

9. An internal combustion engine comtogether 'for the cylinders, the block including a conprising a casing, a one piece detachable cylinder forming liner supported by the casing and including at its firing end a wall that extends outwardly and back along the main ortion of the cylinder to form a passage for cooling liquid, said wall and the main portion of the cylinder being pierced transversely of the'cylinder, a firing device 'received in the perforation, a ,detachable head bearing on the liner at the firing end, said head having a chamber for cooling water and also having a passage leading to the interior of said cylinder, and a valve supported by the head and controllin said passage. i 1

10. n an internal combustion engine, a casing, a. one-piece detachable liner supported by the casing, said liner forming a plurality of cylinders and including a wall which is spaced from and extendsaround the firing end thereof to-form a passage for cooling 'liquid,,said wall meeting the casing. in a single plane which is perpendicular to the axes of the cylinders at a point considerably removed from 'the extreme end thereof.

11. In an internal combustion engine, a casing wall, an integral liner block supported thereby and forming a plurality of parallel cvlin ers having correspondingly disposed firing ends, said wall and block forming a jacket for cooling fluid tinuous flange spaced considerably from said firing ends and passing entirely around the block, and said wall including a continuous flange on which the first named flange rests.

12. An internal combustion engine ineluding a jacket forming casing and a multi- .cylinder forming liner block supported by the casing and having a firing end and a crank shaft end,'said block being connected to the casing to form tight joints therewith near the ends of the block, the joint nearthe crank shaft end passing continuously .around the block and includin means for drawing the block toward the casing in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylin, ders.

13. In an internal combustion engine, a casing, a multi-cylinder forming liner block supported thereby and having a firing end and a crank shaft end, said casing and said block together forming a jacket for cooling fluid for the cylinders, there being two joints only between the casing and the block, the first near the firing end and the second extending continuously around the 7 block near the crank shaft end, the first joint permitting slight relative movement of the parts due to changes in temperature, and the second being rigid against any such movement.

CHARLES R. SHORT. 

